4.
Japan and JAXA
JAXA, a merger between three different space agencies, is a Japans national space agency, a formation realized to explore more than technology, but also launching, testing and explorations, manned or unmanned in space.
With a big budget by its side, consisting of $2,46 billion the Japanese agency is involved in a large number of actions, like satellite launching, probe launching, asteroid exploration and many more.
Composed of 7 independent organizations, the agency has a major player that stood up for most of the projects, the Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, which had a pretty important role in the past and now in the future program JAXA develops.